| 効果 | 減少 |
| 試験方法 | 二重盲検法 |
| 試験期間 | 1-6 ヶ月 |
| 被験者数 | 156 |
| 性別 | 男女 |
| 年齢 | 45-64, 65+ |
| 体型 | 肥満, 平均 |
この研究の注釈：
In persons with osteoarthritis given 100mg pycnogenol once daily for 3 months, supplementation was able to more than half (56% reduction) symptoms of osteoarhritis as assessed by the WOMAC rating scale. An improvement in functional scores and reduction in foot edema was also noted (parameter recorded under leg swelling).
Comparative Study Of Venostasin And Pycnogenol In Chronic Venous Insufficiency
| 効果 | 減少 |
| 試験方法 | コホート法 |
| 試験期間 | 不明 |
| 被験者数 | 40 |
| 性別 | 不明 |
この研究の注釈：
A comparative study between chestnut seed extract and Pycnogenol found that the latter was associated with a reduction in LDL-C and TC, but not HDL-C, over 4 weeks with 360mg. Decreased venous insufficiency symptoms and leg swelling was also noted.