creatine-fat-mass

Supplementation of 20g creatine for five days followed by 5g a day for the remainder of the 12 week trial in women with osteoarthritis noted that supplementation was able to significantly reduce knee stiffness (52%), pain (45%), and physical function (41%) relative to baseline, all values being significantly more than placebo.

Two groups took placebo for 2 weeks, then one of the groups switched to creatine for a 6-day loading phase (5 g four times per day, so 20 g/day) followed by a 6-day maintenance phase (5 g twice per day, so 10 g/day). Compared to men in the placebo group, men in the creatine group saw a 2% improvement in their 50-m swims (6 sprints separated by 3-minute breaks) but none in their 25-yd swims (10 sprints separated by 1-minute breaks). Compared to women in the placebo group, women in the creatine group saw no improvement in either type of swim.

Supplementation of creatine at 20g for a period of 10 days was sufficient to increase muscular creatine concentrations as well as power output (squat and bench testing) in otherwise healthy adult men (no significant changes in body weight noted, although nonsignificant trends existed); 2g trimethylglycine failed to replicate these effects, and was not additive.

In persons with COPD given supplementation of either placebo (glucose) or creatine (5.7g) with glucose (35.7g) thrice daily to match placebo over two weeks, then with 5.7g once daily for 11 weeks, supplementation was associated with improvements in muscular strength and well being as well as an increase in weight that was not fat mass; cardiovascular exercise performance, however, was unaffected.

5 g/day for 4 months in individuals with myotonic dystrophy type I (DM1) failed to improve muscular strength (handgrip) or lung function (FEV1) relative to placebo, nor was there any influence on functional tests or biochemical parameters.

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20 g/day for 5 days followed by 2 g/day for 37 days in healthy sedentary omnivorous males increased muscle creatine but failed to improve VO~2~ max. Performance on intermittent sprints increased after the 5 days of loading (7.03±1.0% in the creatine group versus 3.06±1.4% in the placebo group), but the improvement after the 37 days of maintenance was not statistically significant.

50 mg/kg/day (approximately 3.5 g, alongside 30 g of sucrose) for 6 weeks increased the circulating triglycerides and body fat percentage (+0.17%) of martial artists, but not their fat mass. Lactate and liver enzymes were lower, relative to placebo, but not to a significant extent.

19 recreational male bodybuilders in their twenties training some 5 days/week for 4 weeks were divided into two groups. One group took 5 g of creatine pre-workout; the other, post-workout. Differences between the two groups with regard to bench press (one repetition maximum), lean mass and fat mass were nonsignificant. However, based on the magnitude inferences, the study concluded that consuming creatine post-workout was superior to pre-workout with regard to body composition and strength.

27 days of creatine (20 g/day for 5 day, then 5 g/day for 22 days) failed to improve the body composition of junior swimmers. It also failed to improve their sprint (50-m sprint, 5-minute break, 100-m freestyle), but it did improve their swim-bench (30-s swim, 5-minute break, 30-s swim).