creatine-aerobic-exercise

Creatine monohydrate dosed at 20g daily for 7 days, 5g each day afterwards, did not show improvements in sub-maximal cardiovascular exercise nor glycogen replenishment in otherwise healthy non-vegetarian athletes.

Creatine loading following by 22-27 weeks of maintenance (3g creatine and 7g glucose) followed by another loading phase prior to competition failed to significantly improve sprint performance or prolonged swimming performance. There was a decline in growth hormone associated with the loading phase, but this was attenuated with maintenance and IGF-1 was unaffected.

No improvements noted in endurance or aerobic capacity, but improvements were seen in functional activities and those requiring enhanced rapid movement.

No declines in aerobic capacity noted in either group.

Improvements in submaximal cycling *efficiency* were noted as per a lower heart rate, but overall performance increases were not significant.

In persons with mitochondrial cytopathies, 10 g/day (5 g twice a day) for 2 weeks followed by 2 g/day for one week increased maximal muscular function as assessed by handgrip strength (11-19%), although VO~2~ max, aerobic function, and fat oxidation during aerobic exercise were unaffected.

Di-creatine citrate at 20 g/day (5 g four times a day) for 5 days had no effect on body mass or the parameters measured during aerobic exercise.