conjugated-linoleic-acid-hdl-c

この研究の注釈：

6g of CLA daily for 6 months in obese humans did not significantly reduce fat mass relative to placebo.

AST levels were significantly lower with CLA than placebo (sunflower oil), triglycerides increased at 52 weeks to 150.5mg/dL from 118.2mg/dL (control)

この研究の注釈：

Over 7+/-0.5 months in prepubertal overweight/obese children given 3g CLA daily, CLA reduced the increase of BMI seen in the placebo group from 1.1+/-1.1 to 0.5+/-0.8, with statistically significant but clinically irrelevant fat loss (0.5kg over 7 months, whereas placebo gained 1.3kg).

HDL-cholesterol decreased by 5.1+/-7.3mg/dL in CLA and by -0.7 +/- 8mg/dL in placebo, which was significant.

この研究の注釈：

When diets were given to healthy subjects containing 7% of the ‘test fatty acid’, and the groups were oleic acid (seen as control) and CLA in an 80/20 c9t11:t10c12 blend, about 20g CLA daily for 9 weeks.

HDL decreased and LDL increased in the CLA group *relative to* oleic acid, and to a lesser degree than industrial trans fatty acids (mostly elaidic acid)

No effects on weight relative to oleic acid, specifically, 0.0+/-0.9kg after 9 weeks, and no significant differences between caloric intake occurred.

この研究の注釈：

In postmenopausal, diabetic women; CLA at 8g daily for 16 weeks was unable to influence parameters of glucose metabolism (almost reaching significance in decreasing glucose) whereas the control, safflower oil, was able to decrease HbA1c levels.

16 weeks of safflower oil was able to slightly benefit lipid metabolism, and nothing was reported with CLA.

この研究の注釈：

CLA mix (41% c9t11, 40% t10c12) was compared against CLA Milk (85% c9t11, 7% t10c12) and oleic acid as control in 75 postmenopausal women; all at 5.5g for 16 weeks. No reported differences were noted in body weight or fat mass, but a significant relative drop in HDL cholesterol (-0.2mmol/L) relative to oleic acid was seen, and an increase (0.16mmol/L) of triglycerides was noted.

No effect on IL-6, ICAM-1, or VCAM-1 was noted. CRP was higher in the CLA mixture group relative to the CLA milk group, whereas both groups had a higher 8-iso PGF2α level relative to oleic acid (60% CLA mix, 25% CLA milk)

CLA milk group reported a lower energy intake during the study period, 87% of the CLA mix group.

この研究の注釈：

A randomized, double-blinded and placebo-controlled trial with 28 obese women who received 3.2 g/d of CLA or placebo while performing an 8-week protocol of aerobic exercise. While all participants showed increases in oxygen uptake and decreases in body fat, there was no statistical difference in the CLA group compared to placebo. Thus, 8 weeks CLA supplementation when combined with aerobic exercise did not increase fat loss in obese women.

この研究の注釈：

In females divided to either CLA (3.6g), exercise, or a combination thereof (with a fourth control group) for 6 weeks, it was shown that the effects of CLA and exercise on body composition are independent and thus additive; no synergism noted.

この研究の注釈：

2.2g of CLA daily for 3 weeks (1g of both main isomers) in healthy Japanese adults was able to increase TGs to about 112% of baseline levels, without significantly influencing lipoprotein metabolism or liver enzymes.

この研究の注釈：

4g of CLA daily in overweight adults aged 40-70 years (2.5g c9t11, 0.6g t10c12) over 6 months

Weight was not significantly differnet between groups, although a trend for weight gain attenuation was noted (0.21 ± 0.22 kg gain in CLA, 0.65 ± 0.16kg gain in placebo; P = 0.11)

この研究の注釈：

6 weeks of consumption of dairy products containing 1.421g CLA daily do not influence any of the above parameters such as weight or blood lipids.

この研究の注釈：

Three groups were done in overweight and unhealthy adults; milk with naturally occurring c9t11 CLA, milk with the same (1.3g/day) content of mixed isomer CLA, and milk with 0.2g CLA (CLA depleted). Each trial period was 8 weeks, with a 4 week washout, and each subject was randomized to each trial period.

No difference was noted in triglycerides or cholesterol levels between treatment periods, nor were liver enzymes altered.

この研究の注釈：

Butter, at 115g per day, was compared against butter (incorporated into foods). One was enriched with 5.5g CLA (39.4% c9t11, 38.5% t10c12) and the other had insignificant CLA levels, instead having lesser fatty acids and the subjects having to seek out additional fatty acids daily. Dietitian intervention had minimized differences, but some existed between group (CLA group reporting slightly higher caloric and PUFA intake)

Urine 8-iso-PGF2α increased to 183% of the control group after CLA ingestion, an in vivo marker of lipid peroxidation. No other changes were noted.

この研究の注釈：

In healthy and exercising normal weight men and women, CLA at 4g daily for 12 weeks was unable to influence parameters of body composition.

Women had reductions in both HDL and LDL, and lower insulin concentrations.

この研究の注釈：

Persons aged 35-65 with at least 2 criteria for metabolic syndrome ingested 3g of CLA via 500mL milk, relative to placebo of CLA-free milk, for 12 weeks.

Fat mass only significantly decreased when BMI was controlled for the obese class, and no changes observed in the placebo group.

この研究の注釈：

Metabolic rate was found to be increased by 4% relative to baseline over 14 weeks of consuming CLA-enriched yoghurt, despite no changes in fat mass or weight being noted; this was in comparison to non-CLA enhanced yoghurt, and without significant dietary control.

Odd method of statistical significance, metabolic rate in relation to overall mass was significant at P=0.07 (not normally accepted) but significant at P=0.03 (accepted) when in relation to fat free mass, which is what is touted in the abstract.

この研究の注釈：

Glucose was significantly increased by 6.3% and insulin sensitivity (assessed by HOMA) decreased after type II diabetic patients consumed 3g CLA daily for 8 weeks. No effects on CRP or IL-6, and HDL-C increased by 8%.