chromium-insulin-sensitivity

この研究の注釈：

Supplementation of 1mg chromium (in the form of chromium picolinate) in two divided doses daily for 24 weeks in type II diabetics noted that while there was a trend to increase insulin sensitivity, this was not statistically significant and only 46% of persons were considered responders.

No other changes were noted in diet, glucose metabolism, and the response to chromium was more associated with baseline insulin resistance rather than the kinetics of chromium after ingestion.

この研究の注釈：

Supplementation of 1,000µg chromium (as picolinate) alongside sulfonylurea therapy for 10 months in type II diabetic persons noted that, relative to a sulfonylurea/placebo pairing, that chromium resulted in an additional decrease in glucose and free fatty acids in serum without any other significant alterations.

There appeared to be an anti-obese effect of chromium, as the 0.9kg weight gain with sulfonylurea therapy was mitigated with chromium coingestion.

この研究の注釈：

In type II diabetics with an HbA1c over 8.5% given 1mg of chromium via yeast, supplementation was associated with a reduction in blood glucose (11%) and HbA1c (0.7%, from 10.2% to 9.5%) alongside an increase in insulin sensitivity.

Lipid peroxidation, as assessed by TBARS, was also reduced with chromium by 18.7%. An increase in glutathoine peroxidase was noted, but catalase and SOD were unaffected.

この研究の注釈：

In older adults with evidence of memory decline, 1,000mcg chromium (as picolinate) daily for 12 weeks failed to influence glucose metabolism and did not influence depressive symptoms. Despite no influence on memory over the 12 weeks, there appeared to be significantly less inclusion errors during testing and increased activity in some regions of the right half of the brain during memory testing.

この研究の注釈：

Supplementation of 400mcg chromium (as picolinate) twice daily in obese participants with impaired glucose tolerance failed to exert any appreciable benefit relative to placebo over the course of three months.

この研究の注釈：

In five women with PCOS, supplementation of 470mcg chromium (as picolinate) twice daily for two months appeared to improve insulin sensitivity as assessed by glucose disposal rates, but no other parameter was significantly improved; insulin was nonsignificantly reduced.

この研究の注釈：

400mcg chromium given to overweight children who were also given exercise and diet plans (relative to diet and exercise paired with placebo) over the course of six weeks failed to reduce bodyweight relative to placebo (at the P level of 0.05) but the reduction in fat mass and increase in lean mass was greater with chromium than with placebo.

Insulin sensitivity was improved to a statistically significant degree, but no other health variable was beneficially influenced.

この研究の注釈：

In obese type II diabetic subjects given trivalent chromium supplementation via Brewer’s Yeast (500mcg chromium) for eight weeks, supplementation was able to exert a minor hypoglycemic effect which failed to reach statistical significance (P=0.08) while trends on other biochemical parameters failed to reach statistical significance.

この研究の注釈：

Six months supplementation of chromium at 400mcg via enriched yeast to type II diabetics already on medications failed to confer any additional benefits, particularly the primary outcome (to see if a 0.5% reduction in HbA1c was reached).

この研究の注釈：

In persons with HIV (where drug therapy is associated with increased risk for insulin resistance) given supplemental chromium at 1mg daily as picolinate, supplementation was associated with a 25% increase in glucose disposal rate as assessed by hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic insulin clamp.

There was no influence on viral titres or lymphocytes, and two persons experienced increases in liver enzymes (relationship to chromium uncertain).

この研究の注釈：

Supplementation of 400mcg chromium (as nicotinate) daily for 16 weeks in persons with HIV who were insulin resistant due to antiretroviral therapy appeared to improve insulin sensitivity and some other measured parameters such as triglycerides and weight when used as adjuvant.

この研究の注釈：

In otherwise healthy free living adults, supplementation of chromium either as trichloride (200mcg chromium) or as yeast (5g yeast containing 10.8mcg chromium) failed to significantly influence any measured parameter in the blood despite an increase of chromium in the blood from trichloride including glucose tolerance to an oral glucose tolerance test.

この研究の注釈：

In overweight women reporting intense carbohydrate cravings at least twice a week, supplementation of 1,000mcg chromium appeared to reduce hunger and cravings over the course of weight weeks which resulted in a greater reduction in overall food intake (25%) than did placebo (8%). This reduction in food intake led to weight loss, but was independent of any changes in glucose metabolism.

この研究の注釈：

Supplementation of chromium picolinate at 500mcg or 1,000mcg for six months in persons at risk for type II diabetes has failed to influence any biomarkers of glucose metabolism and was said to not confer any protection against the development of type II diabetes.

この研究の注釈：

The addition of 200mcg chromium (as chloride) to milk powder, relative to a milk powder placebo, in type II diabetics already on medication (gliclazide) noted that there was a reduction in blood glucose, insulin, and improvement in insulin sensitivity over the course of 16 weeks in men only.

Acute insulin response following an oral glucose tolerance test (10 minutes after) was unaffected in both sexes.

この研究の注釈：

Chromium supplementation at 1,000mcg daily (as picolinate) increased the acute insulin response to glucose but failed to influence any other measured parameter of metabolic syndrome after 16 weeks supplementation in adults with signs of metabolic syndrome yet no diagnosed diabetes.

この研究の注釈：

64 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome were randomized to receive 200 µg chromium picolinate or placebo for 8 weeks, and measures of insulin sensitivity and blood lipids were measured. Insulin sensitivity improved, and blood lipid profile trended toward significance.